At this time, no definite cause of anorexia nervosa has been determined.  However, research within the medical and psychological fields continues to explore possible causes.

Some experts feel that demands from society and families could possibly be underlying causes for anorexia.  For many individuals with anorexia, the destructive cycle begins with the pressure to be thin and attractive.  A poor self-image compounds the problem.

Other researchers feel that this disorder can stem from a particular dysfunction often seen in families of anorexia patients.  In one particular type of dysfunction, family members become so interdependent that each cannot achieve their identity as an individual.  Thus, family members are unable to function as healthy individuals and are dependent on other family members for their identity.  In children, part of this dysfunction includes a fear of growing up (especially girls).  Restrictive dieting may prevent their bodies from developing in a normal manner, and in their thinking, restricts the maturational process and maintain the parent-child relationship that the family has come to rely on.  Other family situations that been suggested, but not proven, as possibly being related to the development of anorexia nervosa include: high parental expectations, poor communication skills, and problems with conflict management.

Some studies suggest that a genetic (inherited) component may play a role in determining a person’s susceptibility to anorexia.  Researchers are currently attempting to identify the particular gene or genes that might affect a person’s tendency to develop this disorder.